Kutsallığın temsili: Geç Dönem Osmanlı İmparatorluğu'nda Mekke, Medine ve Kudüs tasvirleri

This dissertation offers a systematic and comparative study of a large repository of Mecca, Medina, and Jerusalem depictions from the eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Ottoman Empire. It provides an in-depth analysis of the content, form, and function of representations of the Islamic pilgrimage and visitation sites. It not only focuses on manuscript paintings in two popular prayer books entitled the Dalāʾil al-Khayrāt and the Enʿām-ı Şerīf, but also covers other media and settings such as wall, reverse glass, and canvas paintings, ceramic panels, prayer rugs, engravings, lithographs, and photographs. This study begins with an examination of frequently encountered image-and-image and text-and-image relationships based on the contents of religious architectural imagery. It then continues with an investigation of four modes of representation including multi-, paraline, perspectival, and photographic views, which coexisted and reinforced each other in the period's transregional contexts. Finally, it traces the production, circulation, patronage, and ownership of prayer books, various uses of religious imagery, and the principles governing visual arrangement and architectural placement of representations in late Ottoman visual culture. Overall, this dissertation presents a larger picture of religious architectural imagery based on changes in media, visual modes, and functions.