Determination of biological activity and chemical composition of Lamium purpureum L. and Lamium galeobdolon (L.) L. species

The aim of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition and bioactive properties of Lamium purpureum L. and Lamium galeobdolon (L.) L. species. The chemical composition was analyzed by GC-MS. Palmitic acid, 7-tetradecenal, 9,12-octadecadienoic acid, (cyclohex-2-enyl) acetic acid, ethyl 9,12,15-octadecatrienoate, hexatriacontane, stearate and benzyl benzoate were found high rate in the ethanol extract of L. purpureum L. In the ethanol extract of L. galeobdolon (L.) L., the main components were determined 2(3H)-benzoxazolone, palmitic acid, 2-hexadecen-1-ol, 3, 7, 11, 15-tetramethyl, eicosan, 9,12-octadecadienoic acid and tetracosan. In addition, antioxidant capacity of ethanol extracts was determined by TAS kit and oxidant capacity was determined by TOS kit. OSI values of the plants were calculated with the ratio of two and the values were found 0.672 AU for L. purpureum L.; 0.987 AU for L. galeobdolon (L.) L. In the Clevenger apparatus, essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation from the above grand parts of the plant. The anticancer activity of the essential oil of the plants was analyzed by MTT test. The maximum apoptosis of L. purpureum L. at 50 µg/mL was 14%, while the antiproliferative effect of L. galeobdolon (L.) L. was 88,9% at the same dose. The antimicrobial activity of the essential oils was determined by disc diffusion method. Accordingly, antifungal effect of two plants with poor antibacterial activity was found to be higher. The highest value for L. purpureum L. was measured 10 mm against Candida tropicalis fungus at a dose of 100 µL. 100 µL dose of L. galeobdolon (L.) L. showed the highest antifungal effect by forming a 10 mm zone against Candida glabrata and Candida tropicalis fungi.