Evaluation of some preoperative and postoperative biochemical parameters and nutritional status of having laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy operation

Obesity is an inflammatory disease that occurs as a result of excessive fat accumulation in the body that may pose a health risk. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is one of the bariatric surgery methods that significantly increases weight loss, provides significant improvements in comorbidities accompanying obesity, and reduces the levels of systemic inflammation biomarkers. The aim of this study was to examine the changes in some complete blood count parameters in the preoperative period and at the end of the first postoperative month in patients who underwent sleeve gastrectomy and the relationship between biochemical and complete blood count parameters and anthropometric measurements. Within the scope of the study, 62 individuals (69.35% female, 30.65% male) aged 18-65 who underwent sleeve gastrectomy were followed up in the preoperative period and continued until the first postoperative month. A 24-hour 1-day food consumption record was taken from the patients, anthropometric measurements were made, biochemical (fasting glucose, urea, creatinine, ALT, AST, sodium, potassium, CRP) and complete blood count findings were examined. It was determined that the average daily dietary energy intake of male and female individuals before the surgery was 2121.73±560.14 and 1718.41±437.51 kcal, respectively, and the daily energy intake after the surgery was 706.32±190.13 and 691.67±117.54 kcal. Preoperative and postoperative body weight, BMI, fat mass, waist circumference, hip circumference, and waist/hip ratio measurements of male and female individuals were reduced. When the biochemical findings of male and female individuals were examined, it was shown that there were statistically significant changes in fasting glucose and ALT values and some complete blood count parameters associated with inflammation. The mean preoperative CRP value of male and female individuals decreased significantly from 11.10±15.27 and 9.72±9.94 mg/dL, respectively, to 8.97±16.77 and 5.52±7.14 mg/dL at postoperative 1st month (p=0.44 and p=0.001, respectively), and a statistically significant decrease was observed in preoperative and postoperative 1st month PLR (platelet/lymphocyte ratio) and NLR (neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio) values at postoperative 1st month compared to preoperative measurements (p=0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). Sleeve gastrectomy, one of the bariatric surgery methods used in the treatment of obesity, provides clinical improvements and improvements in anthropometric measurements, comorbidities and laboratory results at postoperative 1st month, together with an adequate and balanced diet. In this context, it is of great importance that the postoperative short- and long-term follow-up of individuals who have undergone bariatric surgery is monitored with a multi-faceted, detailed and multidisciplinary approach. Keywords: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy; Inflammation; Morbid obesity; Hematologic inflammatory markers; Nutrition