Matter and force in Ludwig Louis Büchner philosophy

Before dealing with matter and force in Büchner's philosophy, how the Ancient, Medieval and Modern materialism went through and how was the atmosfer that formed Büchner's philosophy. Under the influence of these, he explained evolution process in the context of matter and force which he dealt with Büchner's crude materialism. Ludwig Büchner, explained the universe and existence completely with nature laws. He argued that there was no supernatural being and power. He argued that causality prevails in the universe and that causality is a mechanical quality of this order in the universe. The whole universe and beings can not be created and destroyed. All of these occurs by matter and force. In this context, Büchner objected to the idea of a creative god and he considered human as part of nature. As a result of this, he considered the emerging of human is a gradual process like other beings, only more competent in terms of reason. Our thesis is aiming to show that the dualist problem is which Descartes was first to reveal, continued dealing by philosophers such as T. Hobbes, Spinoza and Kant in context of matter and force. Keywords; Ludwig Büchner, vulgar materialism, matter and force, evolution, dualism