Mevcut bir havalimanı için çevresel sürdürülebilirliğin değerlendirilmesi

Sustainable growth is a concept that emerged in the Brundtland Report prepared by the World Commission on Environment and Development, in 1987. The term defined as "development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs." In practice, sustainable growth means giving importance to environmental protection as it envisages creating the conditions for long-term economic development. At a conference held in Denmark in 1995, it was emphasized to secure community health and struggle with social exclusion. With the Treaty of Amsterdam in 1997, sustainable growth was accepted as one of the main targets of the European Union. Sustainability can be described as undertaking economic activities while at the same time considering environmental issues and social balance. For sustainable growth companies must assume social and environmental responsibility. They are also required to add these mechanisms to their business and decision-making processes. The national sustainability practices in the transportation system are providing an important contribution to national sustainable growth. The aviation sector is by far the most improved among other modes of transportation. Aviation has a different position in terms of creating a variety of services compared to other transportation systems. The importance of sustainability in the aviation industry is increasing day by day due to the rapid growth of the sector. On the one hand international political factors while on the other rising fuel consumption, due to the dramatically increasing number of aircrafts used, along with fluctuating oil prices have affected airlines in recent years. The aviation industry has been one of the leading sectors in our country and in the world in terms of sustainability. Both the noise generated by aircraft engines and the use of fuel have decreased over the years. Researchers illustrate that several items can still be improved upon, such as reducing up to 80% of harmful gas emissions as well as noise levels over the next 25 years. All business enterprises in airports that are serving as the sector's main component are influenced by external developments and internal dynamics. Sustainable development should be treated as a natural part of corporate responsibility, including the owners of such business enterprises, the managers and all of the workers respectively. The environmental impacts of the aviation industry not only come from aircrafts, but also from airports and their supporting infrastructure. Thus, environmentally sustainable airports must be considered as an inseparable part of sustainable aviation systems. In this context, the objective of this study is to evaluate an existing airport in terms of its carbon footprint and to put forth recommendations on developing the environmental sustainability of the facility. For this purpose, Sabiha Gokcen International Airport, located in Istanbul is investigated. According to 2014 data, more than 23.5 million passengers are used the airport and about 185,400 flights are realized annually. The amount of waste and wastewater generation and information on their management/treatment practices, energy requirement for buildings (heating and cooling), fuel consumption of airplanes, fuel requirement for air-side vehicles and shuttles used for employee transportation, the amount of used deicer are gathered for 2012,2013 and 2014. The mentioned information is fed to ACERT v3.1 calculation tool to obtain the carbon footprint of the facility. Currently a 2nd runway is under construction. This runway will be completed in 2017. Due to this elevation in capacity greenhouse emissions are estimated to increase three fold. To tackle with this recommendation that develop the sustainability of the airport are presented.