Investigation of mechanical and microstructural properties of AISI140, AISI316 and Al5083 materials combined with MİG/MAG, TIG and electric arc welding methods

In this study, it has been tried to reach a conclusion by conducting experimental studies for the optimization of welding parameters of MIG/MAG, TIG and electric arc welding methods, which have a wider usage area in the industry and are used more than other welding methods. Work done before, during and after welding strongly affects the mechanical and microstructural quality of the weld. Depending on the welding method chosen, the test material used, and other conditions, parameters such as current value, manipulation angle, weld edge shape, welding speed, welding position should be selected at the best level. In this study, the effect of welding current, which is seen as the most important, on weld quality has been examined. In this study, carbon steel, aluminum and stainless steel, which have the most usage areas in the industry; MIG, TIG and electric arc welding methods, which have the most usage areas, were applied. Tensile test, bending test and hardness measurement tests were applied to the welded materials. According to the results of the tensile test, the fractures occurred in the weld area, mostly in the ITAB region. When the tensile test results of low carbon steel were examined, the highest strength values were measured at 80 amps for electric arc welding, 90 amps for MIG welding and 100 amps for tig welding. When the tensile test results of 316 series stainless steel were examined, the highest strength values were measured at 90 amps for electric arc welding, 80 amps for MIG welding and 80 amps for TIG welding. When the tensile test results for 5083 series aluminum alloy are examined, a maximum tensile strength of 90 amperes for MIG welding and 100 amperes for TIG welding was obtained. According to the hardness test results, generally the highest hardness value was measured in the weld metal. It has been observed that the base material has lower hardness than the heat and weld metal. When the microstructure images were examined, it was observed that few pores were formed in the source regions and a columnar structure was formed at the grain boundaries. It is thought that the good mechanical and microstructural properties of 316 stainless steel in welding at lower amperage values may be due to the welding fault we call chromium-carbide precipitation.