Miyosen yaşlı Muğla-Hüsamlar linyitlerinin özellikleri

The Hüsamlar coal deposit is located in the Muğla Basin, SW Turkey. It is exploited for power generation. The seam displays a banded structure consisting of matrix coal and inorganic intercalations. Coal and inorganic sediment samples were collected from one site in the Hüsamlar Open Pit applying channel sampling. Macroscopically, the lignite belongs to the light- to medium- gelified matrix lithotype. Inorganics mostly include claystone, mudstone, siltstone and limestone. On average, total moisture is 20.50 wt. percent and ash yield 20.73 wt. percent (on dry basis), volatile matter and fixed carbon contents 60.71 wt. percent and 39.29 wt. percent (on dry, ash-free basis), respectively. The elemental composition of lignite proved to be as follows (all values in wt. percent, on dry, ash-free basis): carbon 61.1, hydrogen 7.7, nitrogen 1.9, sulphur 7.1 and oxygen 22.2. The gross calorific value is around 19.6 MJ/kg (on moist, ash-free basis). Considering the gross calorific values the Hüsamlar coal belongs to the low rank coal B to A. Seventeen lignite samples were examined under the coal-petrography microscope under white incident light and blue-light excitation. Macerals of huminite group are the most abundant, inertinite is rare, whereas liptinite content strongly varies. On the basis of maceral composition the Hüsamlar peat was accumulating in a limnotelmatic environment, in a fen (topogenous mire), under anoxic, mesotrophic conditions. The maceral content indicates that the peat-forming vegetation consisted of both arboreal plants and herbs. The random reflectance of huminite is about 0.25 percent pointing to, coal rank between peat and lignite. The lignite proved to contain calcite, aragonite, quartz, pyrite, feldspar and clay minerals. Density separation technique was applied on eleven lignite samples. But the procedure failed and the lack of time did not allow further experiments. Keywords: Lignite, coal petrology, depositional environment, Hüsamlar, Muğla.