Transcription and analysis of Muhammed Râkim Gafrullah's History of Agvaniyan

The Safavid State, which was founded by Shah Ismail in 1501, was subjected to a great depression in 1721 by the invasion of Afghan tribes. During this invasion period, which lasted for about seven years, the ruler of the Safavid State, Shah Hussein, and all the dynasty mirzas -except his son Tahmasb- were massacred. Tahmasb, who remained the sole heir of the dynasty, lost his fight with Afghan ruler Mir Asrhaf and deserted to Mazenderan. Meanwhile, Nadir Khan from the Afshar tribe, who defeated a small Afghan unit with his men and reported the situation to Tahmasb and started to serve the Safavid State from this moment, started to fight with the Afghans as the absolute deputy of the Shah. Nadir Khan, who expelled the Afghans from Iran with his struggles, dethroned Tahmasb Shah after a while and replaced him with his son Abbas, but upon his death soon after, he had himself elected as the Shah by organizing a big meeting. After the Shah was elected, he managed to reclaim the Iranian lands they occupied by making an agreement with Russia on the one hand, and on the other hand, he included the vast majority of Iranian lands lost by fighting with the Ottoman Empire. Not satisfied with this, Nadir Shah organized a great expedition to India and defeated the Mughal State that ruled here, ensured their subordination to Iran and returned to Mashhad by obtaining countless booty. Shortly after his return, he started to fight with the Ottoman Empire again and continued struggles until he was assassinated in 1747. All these events from the Afghans' invasion of Iran to Nadir Shah's completion of her Indian expedition and her return to Isfahan are described in detail in the work titled History of Ağvaniyan, written by Muhammed Râkım Gafrullah. Keywords: Tahmasb Kuli Khan, Iran, Nadir Shah, Tahmasb Shah, Ağvan.