Following the hydrotracing and aromating of naphta with gas chromatography

SYNOPSIS It' s fact that benzene, toluene, xylenes and ethyl benzene are the most important basic compounds of the aromatic hydrocarbons. Since these compounds have been used in large amounts in industry, considerible amounts of them have been produced. In Türkiye, in Petkim Petrochemicals Company, many polymers, acrylonytrile, ethylene glycol, cloride, benzene, fuel oil and others have been produced. In Aromatic Plant many basic aromatic compounds which one benzene ( 126000 ton/ year), o-xylene ( 65000 ton/year), p-xylene ( 132000 ton/year) have also been produced. The toluene production is also possible. The Aromatics Plant consists of seven process units. The raw material of these unit are the biproduct of etylene plant; Pyrolis benzyne and biproduct of Izmir refinery; Naphta. In first unit the unsaturated bonds of pyrolis benzyne meanwhile becomes saturated, desulfurisation, denytrification and deoxidation steps occur. In second unit naphens of Napha undergoe dehydrogenation and isomerisation reactions. Parafins undergoe isomerisation, dehydrocyclisation, dehydrocracking and demethylation reactions respectively. Aromatic compounds become dealkyiated in dealkylation reaction. In third unit benzene and toluene products are produced via extraction and fractionation procedurs. Transalkylation reaction take placers at fourth unit on the occation of to enreach the mixture of benzene and xylenes. In fifth unit which also known as xylene seperation unit, the stream of first, second, third and seventh units becomes together and form heavy aromatics. The sixth unit at which the liquid-solid extraction and adsorbation occurs, p-xylene has been produced. In seventh unit o-xylene and p- xylene has been produced respectively via catalitic isomerization reactions from m-xylene and ethyl benzene. As can be seen above, Aromatics Plant is a huge and quite complex chemical factory. In this work, the second unit of the factory was reviewed which includes both physical and chemical process. This unit is also known as Hydrogenation of Naphta and Platforming Unit. The raw material of the unit was taken from refinery. Firstly naphta is seperated three fractions; light, middle and heavy naphta are send to ethylene plant. Production is achieved in middle naphta fraction ( S 204). At the boiling point of between 115-173 °C, S 204 is the mixture of paraffin, naphtens and aromatic hydrocarbons having 6 to 9 carbons. The second step is the is the hydrogenation of naphta and seperation from sulfur. Third and the last step is platforming process. In the serial connected to three reactors, iso-paraffins are transformed to paraffins are transformed to n-paraffins, naphtens and aromatics, respectively. Experimental data' s and calculations show that % 54.78 of iso-paraffins can be transformed into n-paraffins, % 94.03 of n-paraffins to naphtens and % 89.88 of naphten to aromatic compounds respectively.