Investigation of the effects of nanoparticle added lubricants on the adhesive wear properties of different metals

In this study, the tribological performance of Al2024, AISI304, and ST37 steel samples was evaluated by adding TiC and TiN nanoparticles to 5W30 and 10W40 lubricants. For Al2024, the lowest coefficient of friction (0.60) was achieved with 5W30 and 5% TiC addition, while 3% TiN addition showed optimal results. In AISI304, the coefficient of friction decreased (0.74) with 5W30 + 3% TiN addition, but TiC addition increased friction. In ST37 steel, pure motor oils reduced friction, TiC addition had a negative effect, and 3% TiN addition provided the best improvement. Surface and chemical analyses were conducted using SEM, EDS, Optical Microscopy, and FTIR. The results showed that tribological performance improves with optimal combinations of nanoparticle type, oil, and additive ratio.