Developed methods for re-assessment of nuclear wastes andrecommendation of the suitable process for Turkey

In order to meet the increasing energy demand day by day, new sources have been sought. Nuclear energy is seen as an indispensable resource for a sustainable economic growth and energy future. Instead of these non-renewable resources such as coal, natural gas and oil, which will run out after a certain period of time and cause greenhouse gas emissions, there is an increasing trend towards renewable energy resources such as solar, wind, geothermal and nuclear energy. As an alternative energy source, nuclear energy is an increasingly important energy source in terms of both meeting energy supply-demand and ensuring economic independence. Medicine, agriculture, industry, defense industry etc. Nuclear energy is used in many different fields. However, nuclear energy has advantages as well as disadvantages, and we can say that the most important disadvantage is the problem of nuclear waste. Although nuclear wastes are formed as a result of applications in fields such as medicine and industry, they mostly occur in cases such as nuclear fuel production, nuclear power plant operation, reprocessing and recovery process and dismantling of nuclear power plants. Nuclear wastes and the storage and disposal of these wastes are the most important issues to be considered in the studies of establishing a nuclear power plant. Especially the disposal, storage and processing of high-level radioactive wastes can cause major problems. In some countries (Belgium, France, China, etc.) high-level wastes are reprocessed and the wastes can be recycled and reused as fuel. In some countries (USA, Sweden, Switzerland etc.), wastes are disposed of directly. There is an international view that geological disposal is the best option for the final disposal of high-level radioactive waste. Currently, only Finland has a permanent repository for high-level radioactive waste built. For countries producing nuclear energy, the processes of processing, transporting, storing and disposing of radioactive waste also bring problems. Therefore, countries that use nuclear energy have a great responsibility. There are applications such as hydrogen applications, purex method, pyroprocess system symbiosis and cogeneration systems for the reuse of nuclear wastes. In the field of Nuclear Energy, it is important to develop the most appropriate, most accurate and reliable process for Turkey, which has made a breakthrough with the Sinop and Akkuyu Nuclear Power Plant projects, especially in the 21st century.