Review on the factors that affect nomophobia levels of parents who have children at pre-school age and the affect of nomophobia on parent-child communication

Today's world is called the "technology and information age" in the context of the developments in technology and the consequences of the vital changes resulting from them. Developments in digital technology have affected many areas and have also caused changes in the communication and interactions between parents and children. Based on this situation, the aim of the study is to examine the relationship between the nomophobia (fear of being deprived of a smartphone) levels of parents of preschool children and some sociodemographic characteristics and phone usage habits. It was also aimed to determine whether there is a significant difference between parents' nomophobia levels and parent-child communication. The sample group of the research consisted of 458 parents with children aged 4-6 years attending pre-school education. In the study conducted with a descriptive and relational scanning model; "Personal Information Form" was used to collect information about parents, "Parent-Child Communication Assessment Tool (ABÇİDA)" was used to evaluate parents' communication with their children, and "Nomophobia Scale" was used to determine parents' nomophobia levels. In analyzing the data obtained, the frequencies and percentages of personal variables were taken and multiple evaluations were made for two questions with multiple answers. Standard deviation and mean values were given to examine the difference between personal variables and scale scores. Mann Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis H tests, which are non-parametric tests, were used to examine the difference between personal variables and Nomophobia Scale scores. Independent Sample t Test and one-way, one-way tests were used to examine the difference between ABCIDA scores. analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used. Spearman Brown Correlation Coefficient was used to determine the relationship between Nomophobia Scale and ABCIDA scores. According to the results obtained within the scope of the research, it was determined that the parents' nophophobia scores were at a medium level. There was no significant difference in parents' nomophobia scores according to age. Nomophobia scores are significant according to parents' gender, education, employment, income level, place of residence, and daily smartphone usage time. According to ABCIDA scores, parents' communication with their children varies significantly depending on the parents' ages, gender, working status, children's ages and the duration of daily use of the smartphone. According to ABCIDA scores, there is no significant difference according to the variables of parents' income level, place of residence and gender of their children. However, when the parents' ABCIDA scores were examined, it was found that they received the highest score in the Empathy sub-dimension, followed by the Speaking, Message, Listening and Non-Verbal Communication sub-dimension scores, respectively, and that the communication of parents with their children was above average. According to the relationship between parents' Nomophobia Scale and ABCIDA scores, it is seen that as parents' Nomophobia Scale scores increase, ABCIDA scores decrease, or as Nomophobia Scale scores decrease, ABCIDA scores increase. As a result, it was concluded that there is a significant relationship between nomophobia and parent-child communication and that nomophobia prevents communication.