Questioning differentiated space and spatial perception in extreme conditions

The study focus on the ordinary-extreme, system and adaptation concepts. As questioning ordinariness and extremeness, it investigates the limitations and boundaries of human and space. It tries to disclose these limits are integrated with the design and architectural point of view. The aim of this study is to query the differences of space and spatial perception caused by extreme conditions. With this new perception, it may be possible to generate different perspectives on space and place and some awareness for designs under normal conditions. The main concern is to discuss "normal/usual" in architecture theory, focusing on the "abnormal/unusual" and to emphasize that the people live in a system and the changes in conditions create different systems. The study seeks to answer the questions; "What are the needs and problems for out of the conditions of the world that are ideal for human? Under extreme conditions, what kind of differences regarding space and spatial perception emerges? How is the subject-environment relationship defined in the mentioned conditions?" The methods of the study is formed by conceptual literature research and examine references with document analysis. Existing and non-existent situations is evaluated by the analyzes and data obtained by descriptive researches. The study begins with a brief explanation of the subject-object relationship of the existing system. Thus, this explanation enables the position of the study about these concepts to occur. In the following part of the study, ordinary and extreme concepts are argued; system and human factor in the system are examined. Elaborating the knowledge and the thought about ordinariness allows to get clues about other possible systems. For this purpose, the formation and laws of the existing system are examined, and human, defining the system and defined by the system, and the limits of this human are investigated. Then, the conditions described as extreme is introduced, and adaptation methods for these conditions are considered. Adaptation is necessary for the continuation of life in extreme conditions. Various adaptation methods can be mentioned, such as human evolution exists during overcoming the extreme condition; human can be differentiated by genetically modified or by body devices and artificial body parts; human can be protected by a life capsule; the extreme condition can be blocked by framing or covering; a buffer zone or a transit area can be created between human and extreme conditions. Next, selected extreme conditions, which can be described as components of the system, are given in order to detail space and human relationship differentiated in extreme conditions. It can be said that ordinariness creates and limits the design in this ordinary conditions to the extent that conditions and limitations of the system determined the design. Staying out of the ordinary conditions of the existing system creates various situations; losing the meaning of the ground in non-gravity, formation of the whole environment by liquid or solid state of the matter, possible transformations of the body for perception of the environment without seeing in darkness, separation occurring more between inside and outside concepts by extreme values of temperature. Extreme conditions, threatening human life or describing a new and unusual situation, formed by the gravity effects, the qualities of the air, the states of the light and temperature values, is examined with space-human interaction examples. With these extreme conditions, the proposals of adaptation methods are discussed. These extreme conditions affect void and solid, interior and exterior, verticality concepts, sense of direction; architectural definitions; forces applied to the space; shape, fiction, density, emotion, movement, location, colour and components of the space; shape, movements and needs of the body. In the study, these effects on space and human are also discussed in different possible systems with different rules that can be defined/imagined, as discussing in extreme conditions regarding the existing system. Thus, consideration with both imaginary and existing example contributes a deep understanding of the approach to ordinary and extreme concepts. Discussions in the study are handled not by directly related with the architecture but by nearly related with architecture field. It is considered important that zooming out the topic creates different potential aspects. Normal/ordinary concepts can be defined separately for each condition and for each person; if the condition is out of the subject's normality/ordinariness, it is also extreme for the subject. In this direction, universes with different laws, space, biosphere, underwater, poles, equator contains extremeness for the people lived in existing universe, in the world, underground, on terrestrial field, in the tropic areas, in moderate climatic conditions respectively. The looking system from outside to inside finds out the limits of the system, and can lead to new perspectives on design and investigations about all existing architectural approaches. Different perception about existing system is occured as producing new questions for the conditions adopted unquestioningly. The person recognizes the ordinariness, discovering the extremeness.