Effect of voluntary and forced exercise on BDNF, GDNF and NGJ in the parkinson mouse model

Remedy has not been found exactly for Parkinson's Disease, the second most common neurodegenerative disease in the world. However, there are many studies, showing the therapeutic effect of exercise on symptoms in the literature. In addition, some of the neurotrophic factors that have important roles in maintaining the viability of neurons have been reduced in people with Parkinson's disease and it is also known that protein levels change with exercise. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of two different types of exercise on the expression of neuroprotective factors and motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease in a neurotoxic animal model and also to determine the effect of neurotrophic factors on motor symptoms of the disease. Quantities of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, glial-derived neurotrophic factor and nerve growth factor were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent activity assays in animals established Parkinson model and get exercise voluntary and moderate forced exercise done. The amount of tyrosine hydroxylase protein was determined by immunohistochemical study and histopathologic examination was performed by hematoxylin eosin staining. Rotarod and pole tests were also applied to evaluate motor performance. As a result of the study, it has been shown that the type of exercise, the best effect of improving motor functions is long-term moderate forced exercise. Immunohistochemical results supported that exercise is a healing effect of motor function. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor was not significantly changed by exercise, whereas the glial-derived neurotrophic factor was increased especially by voluntary exercise. Nerve growth factor showed a significant decrease in the voluntary exercise group. We have shown that the type, the duration, the frequency and the intensity of exercise could change the effect on the disease with this study.