Precise position control of DC motor with PID control

Today, DC Motors are commonly preferred in many fields of industry and scientific studies. Therefore controlling of speed and position is important for DC motors. In this study, PID control method is considered and used as a method that provides effective control of a DC motors. In applications within the scope of study, the position control of a permanent magnet brushed coreless DC motor is made with PID control method. The Arduino Uno card is used as controller and closed loop (feedback) control system is designed for feedback an optical encoder is integrated in the motor. DC motor control is provided with Matlab – Simulink software and the system is controlled in real time with Arduino Uno card via Simulink software and system outputs are observed. In order to control the system with using PID control method, the necessary PID controller gain coefficients are obtained by using Ziegler – Nichols closed loop, Simulink automatic PID parameter determination and trial and error methods and the system performances are evaluated and compared. Integral windup that may arise from the use of the integral term in the PID controller is tried to be eliminated with the recalculation technique. As a result of various application experiments, it is seen that the system responses obtained by automatic PID parameter setting method for the controlled system give better results than Ziegler – Nichols method. However, the best results provide a trial and error method, which is obtained by monitoring the control parameters in real time.