Micropropagation of axenic shoots derived from germinated Pistacia lentiscus L. seeds using TIS bioreactor system

The aim of this study is to develop a protocol as an alternative method that can be used in vitro micropropagation for an important crop plant mastic (Pistacia lentiscus ) A temporary immersion bioreactor system (TIS), compared to semi-solid systems has many costr eduction advantages such as, the system can be controlled by an automation system; a greater number of explants could be used at the same time and; there is no need touse an organic gelling agent. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate micropropagation facilities for juvenile axenic shoots and nodal buds of mastic in the temporary immersion bioreactor system, and to develop a method suitable for mass propagation of P. lentiscus from their axenic shoots. Therefore, shoot tips and nodal segments of in vitro grown axenic regenerates derived from seedlings of Pistacia lentiscus were used as material. The seeds were surface sterilized according to the method described by Kılınç (2014). The proliferation rate of explants treated with medium at certain time intervals in temporary immersion bioreactor systems (TIS) were examined. The trials for determination of proliferation medium in TIS, MS medium contained 1 mgL-1 BA and 0.5 mgL-1 GA3 and supplemented with 30 gL-1 sucrose were used. The explants in various immersion frequencies (4, 8, 16, 24 and 32 h) and immersion times (5, 10 or 15 min) were tested on the TIS system. The highest shoot forming capacity index (2.76 and 1,44) and the minimum hyperhydration rate (%5 and %5) were obtained in both shoot tips and nodal explant srespectively with 10 min immersion frequency every 32 h. For micropropagation of axenic shoot tips and nodal buds obtained from the seeds of lentisk, the effects of different medium (MS, WPM and SH), the effects of different carbon sources (sucrose, lactose, glucose and fructose), the effects different cytokinin types (BA, Kin, TDZ, 2iP) and their combination with 0.5 mgL-1 GA3, the effects of different auxin types (IAA, IBA, NAA, 2,4-D) and their different concentrations (1.0, 2.0, 4.0 mgL-1 ) of the best one for rooting of in vitro propagated shoots; and the effects of peat for transfering the rooted lentisk regenerants to in vivo, were tested respectively. By the protocol presented here, rapid multiplication of axenic Pistacia lentiscus plantlets by micropropagation in temporary immersion bioreactor system was achieved, and one of the path way for in vitro mass propagation of lentisk were illuminated. Keywords: Pistacia lentiscus , in vitro, TIS, micropropagation, Gum plant.