Investigation of antimicrobial properties of commercial propolis samples offered for sale against some pathogenic microorganisms

Propolis (bee glue) is a sticky resinous substance released from various plant sources such as bud secretions, flowers and leaves, and replaced by bee secretions. It is also reported to have various biological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immune system possibilities. The statistics of differences of 50 different commercial propolis against E. faecalis and S. aureus microorganisms were not found to be significant (p > 0.05). The effect of commercial propolis on E. coli, L. monocytogenes, B. subtilis, P. aeruginosa and C. albicans organisms is statistically significant (p < 0.05). The most effective group on the amount of phenolic substances was the ethanol-based propolis group, and the group with the least effect was; It has been determined that there is a water and glycerol based propolis group. The highest total phenolic content obtained is respectively; as 12268,60 mg GAE/L, 9873,33 mg GAE/L and 9547,43 mg GAE/L; The lowest total phenolic content is respectively; It was found to be 76.38 mg GAE/L, 122.38 mg GAE/L and 153.78 mg GAE/L. The effect of the difference between propolis groups on the amount of phenolic substances was not found to be significant (p>0.05). In evaluating the antioxidant capacities of the samples, olive oil-based propolis samples had the highest DPPH value; The lowest value is; It was detected in water-glycerol based propolis samples. The highest %DPPH amounts obtained are respectively; 91.7984%, 89.7323% and as; The lowest %DPPH amounts are; (found as 5.0668%, 7.1728% and 9.4036%). The effect of the difference between propolis groups on the amount of DPPH was not found to be significant (p>0.05). In this study, the total phenolic substance amounts and antioxidant capacities of some propolis samples with different contents offered for sale in the market were different from each other; Additionally, these samples were determined to have broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity.