Researching of polymeric nanomaterials usability in cancer diagnosis

Cancer, which emerges as uncontrolled cell division, is a terminal disease that shows a tendency to extention also to other tissue with invasion and metasta-sis. There are some situation which are also treated to cancer however it is gene-rally an incurable disease when diagnosis of it is late. Therefore, early diagnosis of cancer and keeping up meticulously with treatment process need to track very carefully. Methods of enable to early diagnosis for every kind of cancer are stu-died to develop in the literature research too and additional operations are needed validation and patenting for transferring to practice of these methods. Method improving is planned as a part of this thesis which have low cost, is pratic, fast, based upon using electrochemical diagnosis as following of disease and based upon early diagnosis of CA 125 which is used a cancer biomarker. Therefore imp-roving of polimeric nanomaterials, optimization of methods and validation of improving methods are aimed. In accordance with this purpose, p(HEMA) poly-meric nanomaterials were synthesized as polymeric nanomaterial and L-Cystein aminoacids were bonded covalently with grafting procedure on the purpose of composing a bond with electrode surface using electrochemical analysis. After the grafting procedure, obtaining Cys-graft-p(HEMA) polymeric nanomaterials were characterized. For the purpose of characterization; SEM photographs were obtai-ned at gold and glass surfaces for scanning to surface morphology, Zeta-Size analysis were carried out for determining to polymeric nanomaterials dimension, FTIR analysis were carried out for determining chemical composition and ele-mentary analysis were carried out for determining how much participate L-Cystein to structure. As a result of characterization, 50 nm dimension, spherical morphology and per gram polymeric materials contains 0.011 mmol L-Cystein was determined. After the characterization with the purpose of optimization CA 125 determination condition; bonding time optimization to electrode surface of polymeric nanomaterials, optimization bonding time of CA 125 antibody, optimi-zation determination time of CA 125 and optimization of CA 125 determination range were carried out. In consequence of this optimization; optimum bonding time of Cys-graft-p(HEMA) polymeric nanomaterials as 2 hours, bonding time of CA 125 antibody as 1 hour, determination time of CA 125 as 10 minutes were obtained. Linear determination range was determined 5-400 U/mL in consequence of doing experiment for CA 125 determination range, its linearity is validated with F-test. While determination limit (LOD) was calculated as 1.87 U/mL quan-tification limit (LOQ) was determined as 5.62 U/mL. After experiment and calcu-lating assays were repeated as 5 times with double repeatly for repetability expe-riments. In consequence of doing repeatability, t-test was committed for reality according to p=0.05 and degree of freedom 4, results were determined to located in reality degree. As a result of repetability experiments on the purpose of deter-mining precision degree according to Cohrane and Grubb tests results were de-termined in precision degree according to 1 % and 5 % critic degrees. Results we-re determined in accuracy degree because it were in precision and reality degree according to be done statistical calculation. In accordance with obtained results this methods are thought to use as alter-native methods to applied CA 125 determining methods nowadays according to rapid determination time, extensive determination range, accuracy of methods.