The effect of magnesium on Hba1c and HOMA-IR in prediabetes and Type 2 diabetes

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of serum magnesium levels on Hba1c and HOMA-IR in patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Material and Methods: This retrospective descriptive study was conducted by analyzing the medical records of 269 patients who visited the internal medicine and endocrinology outpatient clinics of a training and research hospital between 2023 and 2024. Participants were divided into prediabetes and type 2 diabetes groups based on their Hba1c levels. Serum magnesium, HOMA-IR, age, gender and other biochemical parameters were analyzed statistically. Results: A statistically significant inverse relationship was found between serum magnesium levels and Hba1c values (p<0.05). A similar negative correlation was also observed between magnesium levels and HOMA-IR. Magnesium levels were higher in the prediabetes group, while Hba1c and HOMA-IR levels were lower comnpared to the type 2 diabetes group. Conclusion: The findings suggest that serum magnesium may play a role in glycemic control and insülin resistance. Monitoring magnesium levels in individuals with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes may contribute to early diagnosis and metabolic regulation. Keywords: Prediabetes, Type 2 Diabetes, Magnesium, Hba1c, HOMA-IR