Platon'da uzmanlaşma ilkesi ve Badiou'nun Platon'un Devleti eserinde bu ilkenin yorumu

The chronological difference between Plato's Republic and Badiou's "Remake of the Republic" gives us the possibility to conceive the institutionalization of specialization in history We start with reading the Republic in the context of specialization. We follow by explaining the origins of the city, in other words the republic, by the principle of specialization. Then, we examine the method of the remake of Plato's Republic by Badiou. First we explain why we can't consider the remake as an interpretation or a translation of the original one. We follow by examining the general procedures which form the historical difference between the two texts. These general procedures are applied by Badiou since the modernisation can only be completed by a modernisation of concepts. So we list the original concepts and their modernized versions which belong to contemporary philosophy. At the fifth part we compare the two works in relation to specialization. This comparison focuses on fundamental differences. As a result of a detailed comparison of both definitions, we might conclude that there is a fundamental difference which allows the possibility to conceive the institutionalization of specialization within history. Our conclusion focuses on the examination of the temporal difference between "what is" and "what must be?" At one side, "what is" refers rather to "always" which is found in a form of the present. At the other side "what must be" is pulled towards the past in remorse and regret, instead of hope. We conclude by questioning the similarities between the temporal content of hope within Plato's republic, and the temporality of Badiou's politics.