Cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of docetaxel and acorus calamus extract application in prostate cancer cell lines (PC-3-DU-145)

Aim: We aimed to investigate the cytotoxicand apoptotic effect of docetaxel and Acorus calamus plant extract combination in prostate cancer cell lines. (PC-3, DU-145) Material and Method: Docetaxel 0,5, 1, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80 µg/ml concentrations and Acorus calamus plant extract 100, 250, 500, 750, 1000, 1250 µg/ml concentrations 24, 48, 72. hours in order to determine the cytotoxicity by spectrophotometric method, test planning was performed in six different tests. Cytotoxicity tests with XTT showed that synergistic cytotoxicity of Acorus calamus plant extract and docetaxel apoptosis test was performed by Cell Death Detection ELISA method to investigate the apoptosis inducing effects of the single and combinations on prostate cancer cell lines. Percentage of DNA fragmentation was measured at 72. h to investigate the apoptotic effects of Acorus calamus plant extract and docetaxel singles and combinations in PC-3, DU-145 cell lines. Results: In our study, when we looked at the percentage of DNA fragmentation in single and combined applications of Acorus calamus plant extract and docetaxel in prostate cancer cell lines, it was found that the PC-3 and DU-145 cell line increased apoptotic effect significantly at all doses compared to the control group. Conclusion: The antitumoral activity of Acorus calamus plant extract and docetaxel combination in vitro PC-3, DU-145 prostate cancer cell lines was shown to be due to apoptosis. Investigating possible mechanisms of apoptosis it is recommended to expand the study. Key words: Acorus calamus, docetaxel, cytotoxicity, apoptosis