Rehabilitation of an existing water supply and distribution network of a city due to rapidly increasing population: Example of Hargeisa, Somaliland

Hargeisa city is facing crisis in water scarcity due to rapidly increasing of population. Problems in provision of adequate water supply to the rapidly growing urban population in developing city are increasing dramatically, instead of this problem also there is, nearly 70% of the water distribution pipes corroded and water lost before reaching the consumers. As a result demand for additional water sources and infrastructure is growing. Water supply and distribution system in Hargeisa city is facing many challenges of efficient repair and rehabilitation since the information of water network is very limited, which makes the rehabilitation assessment plans very difficult. Hargeisa city has many difficulties to assess the water network causing system failure, deterioration of mains and bad water quality in the network due to pipe corrosion and deterioration. The limited information in developing countries brought into focus the urgent need to develop economical assessment for rehabilitation of water distribution systems adapted to such countries. Hargeisa city is subject to a first case study, suffering from severe shortage in the water supply and contamination of drinking water due to impaired distribution network. This thesis focuses on improvement and rehabilitation of the city`s water supply and distribution network by means of analysis done by EPANET software. A methodology was suggested for rehabilitation water pipes has been presented in Hargeisa city case study to better identify the scarcity and remedial actions to be taken by the water authority to reduce water scarcity.