Sıçanlarda egzersiz ve beslenmenin iskemi ve reperfüzyon aritmileri üzerine etkisi

The risk of coronary artery disease(CAD) increases with aging and death occurs due to the arrhythmias following coronary artery occlusion. In recent years, researchers have focused on the effects of physical exercise and diet for decreasing of these deaths. However, the effect of nutrition together with physical exercise and food restriction (FR) on the arrhythmias induced by ischemia and reperfusion was not studied more in experimentally produced myocardial infarction. That is why in this research the effect of exercise, different nutrition and food restriction alone and together on ischemia reperfusion (I/R) induced arrhythmia in male and female was aimed to be studied. 148 Male and 142 female Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this study. Exercise was made by swimming in 45min/ day, food restriction by decreasing food in %50 during six weeks. Animals were fed by two different food; standard food and protein rich food. Ischemia was produced by the ligation of left coronary artery in 6 minutes and reperfusion by releasing of this artery in 15 minutes. The score of arrhythmia, ventricular premature contraction and the duration of total arrhythmia decreased during ischemia in male having exercise and also in exercised combined with food restriction in rats fed with standard diet (P <0.05). However in females, this effect was only seen in combination group (P<0.05). The amount of superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased in male groups that applied exercise and combination (P<0.05). Otherwise, there was no difference in ATP dependent potassium (KATP) channel protein in exercise and exercise with food restriction male group in respect to control male,but in females it was increased in both condition. No changes in arrhythmia during reperfusion period were observed in male and female in exercise or exercise and food restriction groups in respect to their control. Different effect of protein rich diet on the ischemia-induced arrhythmia was observed. Protein rich diet was not effective on the ischemia-induced arrhythmia in male but it increased the arrhythmia in female following exercise combined with food restriction group. Otherwise, in reperfusion period, protein rich diet increased the arrhythmia in male having exercise, but no change in arrhythmia was observed in female in this period. The amount of SOD was not significantly increased either in male and female having exercise alone or together with the food restriction in protein rich diet. But KATP channel protein increased in exercised alone and with food restriction applied groups only in male. Increasing in the amount of SOD was effective alone in reducing the arrhythmias during ischemia without increasing KATP channels in males. This result supports the previous studies. In female, the increase of SOD was not effective on arrhythmias alone but this time the increasing number of KATP channel was effective in reducing the arrhythmias occurred during ischemia. The protein-rich feeding eliminates the protectiveeffect against arrhythmia in male and female having long-term exercise firstly, was found in this study. KEYWORDS:Ischemia, Reperfusion, Arrhythmia, Diet, Food restriction, Exercise.