Secreting for helicobacter pylori infection during and after pregnancy and their effective in pregnancy related disorders

Helicobacter (H) pylori is of significant medical importance due to its widespread presence and association with various gastrointestinal disorders, such as gastritis, ulcers, and even stomach cancer. Timely diagnosis and treatment of H. pylori infections are particularly critical, especially among pregnant women who may face an elevated risk. Diagnostic techniques, including immunochromatography and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), play a pivotal role in identifying H. pylori infections by detecting specific IgG and IgM antibodies. Additionally, assessing levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) aids in understanding the inflammatory response associated with H. pylori infections. In this study, 86 participants were enrolled, and samples were analyzed for detection. The study consists of 20 non-pregnant women forming the control group and 66 pregnant women with confirmed H. pylori infection forming the research group. Pregnant women are divided into three groups. All participants underwent testing for IgG, IgM, and TNF-α, in addition to the cassette test. Interestingly, 12 non-pregnant control women tested positive for H. pylori. The results revealed that non-pregnant women exhibited higher IgM levels compared to other groups. Pregnant women in the 3. trimester period displayed the highest IgG and TNF-α levels. The study also showed a significant correlation between the control group and disease symptoms (p<0.05) and a correlation between the patient groups and TNF-α (p<0.05). Additionally, a correlation was detected between 2. trimester pregnant women and TNF-α (p<0.05). In addition, the study highlighted that a significant proportion of non-pregnant women can carry H. pylori without showing obvious symptoms, and ii that pregnant women can potentially act as carriers of the bacteria, leading to positive test results even in the absence of noticeable signs or symptoms.