Meaning value of sounds (Simple verbs example in Turkey Turkish)

Phonosemantics is a branch of linguistics based on the claim that sounds are linked by semantic relationships. The study explains the historical development, basic concepts, methods and applications of phonosemantic theory. The aim is to show how phonosemantic research is related to other fields of linguistics and to argue that the sound-meaning connection provides clues about the nature of human language. Sound symbolism argues that sounds are directly related to their meaning, meaning that sounds are not just random signs. One of the basic assumptions of sound symbolism theory is that there is a harmony between the physical properties of sounds and their meanings. For example, round sounds (o, u) represent round objects or soft concepts; Sharp sounds (i, e) are thought to symbolize sharp objects or sharp concepts. This assumption can be seen in onomatopoeic words (e.g. humming, chirping in Turkish) or iconic words (e.g. big, small in Turkish) in some languages. Another assumption of sound symbolism theory is that sounds have cultural and psychological connections to their meanings. For example, it is claimed that the vowel harmony system in some languages (e.g. -mek, -mak suffixes in Turkish) contributes to the emotional expression of sounds. In addition, it is said that sound changes in some languages (for example -cık, -cik suffixes in Turkish) cause the meaning of sounds to change. The theory of sound symbolism is a controversial theory in the field of linguistics. One criticism of this theory is that the relationship between sound and meaning is not universal, that is, different systems of sound symbolism exist in different languages. For example, words starting with "gl" in English usually relate to light or brightness (e.g. glow, glitter), but there is no such relationship in Turkish (e.g. rose, lake). According to this criticism, sound symbolism depends on cultural and historical factors and does not reflect the nature of language. Another criticism of sound symbolism theory is that the relationship between sound and meaning has not been statistically proven. For example, the claim that round sounds symbolize round objects cannot explain round sounds that are also used for non-round objects (e.g. ball, box). According to this criticism, sound symbolism is an intuitive and speculative theory and is not based on linguistic data. In this study, the idea that sounds have meaning was tried to be proven in 259 simple verbs with the clustering method and individual phoneme theory. Keywords: Phonosemantics, sound symbolism, sound and meaning, simple verbs