Analysis of foreign trade policies of the Republic of Turkey in the context of political periods

The Republic of Turkey, which is the continuation of the Ottoman Empire, which was destroyed for various reasons in the historical process, has naturally been under the influence of some reflections of the past in foreign trade, as in many other issues since its establishment. Especially in the first years of the Republic, although the effect of these reflections was high, it decreased over time with the policies implemented. The course of Turkish foreign trade in the process from the proclamation of the Republic to the present has been revealed from different perspectives in previous studies as of periods. In this study, by making use of sources such as institutional sources, Official Gazette, laws, regulations, books, publications, journals, magazines, websites, the effects of political views of governments on Turkey's foreign trade policies since 1923 have been analysed in the context of periods of political power and our foreign trade policies in those periods have been evaluated. As a result of the examinations and evaluations; It has been observed that Turkey's foreign trade policies are carried out within the framework of the general rules of the economy, without being affected by the political views of the parties forming the governments. It has also been determined that a continuous foreign trade policy could not be implemented in Turkey until 1980. Although liberal foreign trade policies were tried to be implemented from time to time before 1980; mostly import substitution, protectionist-statist foreign trade policies were implemented. From the decisions of January 24, 1980 until today, liberal foreign trade policies based on export-oriented and free market economy have been tried to be implemented. However, due to both local and global reasons, it has never been possible to implement pure protectionist or pure liberal policies.