Study of serum leptin level in patients diabetes mellitus type 2: In relation with insulin level

Background: Leptin is a hormone that regulates food intake. The leptin secreted in adipocytes is a protein consisting of 167 amino acids. It is known that the diet taken affects leptin resistance. In diabetes mellitus Type 2, leptin plays an important role. However, although leptin is elevated in diabetes and obesity, it is not the cause of any disease. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the level of serum leptin in Type 2 diabetes mellitus and healthy patients and to investigate the relationship between serum fasting insulin and leptin in T2DM. Material and method: Material and method: This study was carried out in cross-section, Azadi Education Hospital Endocrine and Diabetes Unit in Duhok, Iraq. This study was performed in 92 subjects, 70 patients with T2DM, and 22 patients without healthy diabetic subjects. Serum leptin was measured using ELISA. Serum insulin was measured with autoanalyzer Cobas E411 and made with glycated hemoglobin (HPLC D10) automated analyzer. Results: In our study, we investigate leptin significantly in the diabetic patient group was higher than in control subjects group, leptin in the patient group (23.42±9.79 ng/mL) against (17.01±6.84 ng/mL) with (p<0.05), and insulin in the patient group (20.66±11.06 µU/mL) against (12.07±5.49 µU/mL) in the control group with (p<0.01). also, leptin and insulin positively correlated with high significantly with each other(p<0.001, r= 0.479). Serum leptin and insulin are significantly related to fasting glucose and BMI. Conclusion: In this study, a significant relationship between leptin and insulin and T2DM was investigated and a significant relationship was found between leptin and insulin.