The hierarchy of existence in the theory of emanation and the metaphysics of nour

In the history of philosophical thought, the relationship between God and the cosmos stands as one of the foremost fundamental inquiries. The positioning of entities other than God in light of the infinitude of the Divine constitutes an enduring subject of debate. Particularly within Islamic thought, the relationship between God and other entities has been approached from a theological perspective, primarily through the framework of the Creator-Created relationship, wherein existence is evaluated within a paradigm of creation ex nihilo. On the other hand, within a philosophical approach marked by distinct epistemological and ontological sensitivities, the relationship between God and the cosmos is construed under the rubric of the theory of emanation, based on the principle that God, an infinite intellect, reflects upon His own infinity through the relationship of the giver of existence and the receiver of existence. Additionally, the realm of mystical and intuitive knowledge, as employed by the philosophy of "Ishraq," forms another cornerstone of Islamic thought. Within the perspective of "Ishraq," existence is contemplated within the category of "Nur of Nurs" where the divine luminescence is perceived, and it is hierarchically delineated within a pyramid of manifestations. A mutual examination of these two approaches will yield significant contributions to comprehending the relationship between God and the cosmos, as well as the theme of creation in the annals of thought. Predominantly rooted in this perspective, the emphasis on the categories of emanation and divine luminosity will present an opportunity for a comparative analysis in grasping the nature of existence more comprehensively. Concurrently, a dedicated exploration of the "Ishraq" and "Mashsha'i" philosophies will undeniably furnish valuable insights into the uniqueness of Islamic philosophy. It is our conviction that this endeavor, particularly, will contribute humbly to a more profound comprehension of this uniqueness.