Retrospective examination of patients diagnosed with congestive heart failure (CHF) admi̇tted to Süleyman Demirel Universi̇y faculty of Medicine Hospital

Congestive heart failure is a structural and functional disorder of the heart that causes the heart to fail to provide enough oxygen to the tissues metabolic needs. The most common cause of heart failure is myocardial damage that occurs after coronary artery disease. Congestive heart failure is one of the clinical conditions with high mortality and morbidity that apply to the emergency department. Therefore, the factors that predict mortality in patients with heart failure should be known by the emergency physician. In our study, we aimed to examine the factors affecting mortality in patients diagnosed with congestive heart failure who applied to the emergency department. In our study, we evaluated the age of the patients who applied to the emergency department, vital values at the time of admission, laboratory parameters such as biochemistry and whole blood test, blood gas parameters, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), cardiothoracic ratios, NYHA classes, lung findings, Brest and CSI scores. In our study, we found that age, systolic blood pressure, saturation, kidney function tests such as BUN, creatinine, eGFR, hemoglobin and hematocrit values, lactate and PaO₂ values examined in blood gas, and LVEF are associated with mortality. We found that NYHA classification, classification according to chest radiography findings, Brest and CSI scores were associated with mortality, but according to regression analysis, the most important effect on mortality alone was the NYHA classification and classification according to chest radiography findings. Therefore, we realized how important it is to ask a single question to the patient before performing many preliminary examinations and procedures. We determined that it is more important to ask a simple physical exercise question at every patient can understand, such as 'Are you able to do your daily works?', and the answer you get from the patient will be directly related to mortality. The other most important single factor affecting mortality is pulmonary congestion; When we grouped the patients according to chest radiography findings, we realized that the group with pulmonary congestion and even pleural effusion would be more mortal than the patient with normal lung findings. We drew the following two important conclusions from this study: Firstly, no laboratory parameter can be as valuable as the patient's physical activity, that is, his/her clinic. Secondly, the issue we need to pay most attention to in heart failure and which is directly related to mortality is pulmonary congestion.