Carbon and water footprint for sustainable textile production

This thesis examines the effects of weight reduction strategies and the transition to digital menus on fuel consumption, operational costs, and carbon emissions in Turkish Airlines (THY) operations. In the initial part of the study, the impact of aircraft weight reduction on fuel consumption is analyzed, and the operational efficiency gains achieved through the implementation of digital menus are evaluated. In this context, the effects of digital menu transition on fuel consumption and carbon emissions are quantitatively assessed. In addition, the structure and historical development of the Turkish Airlines fleet are examined to highlight the role of fleet composition in emission performance. In Scenario 1, the cost savings achieved through the transition to digital menus are analyzed for THY, with a particular focus on fuel savings and the resulting reduction in carbon emissions. Sensitivity analysis is conducted to evaluate the variability of results under different operational conditions, and the cumulative long-term effects are calculated. Scenario 2 investigates the impact of aircraft rotation planning on carbon emissions, while Scenario 3 analyzes the effects of aircraft diversions to alternate airports on carbon emissions due to operational and environmental factors. The cumulative emission impact of diversion operations is also assessed. The findings demonstrate that weight reduction, digitalization, and optimized operational planning play a significant role in reducing carbon emissions in airline operations.