An evulation on the Ottoman province in the Tanzimat Era: The social and economic history of Ankara, Bursa/Hüdâvendigâr ve Kütahya sancaks based on the Ayniyat Registers

The Tanzimat era, which is one of the fundamental turning points in the history of the Ottoman Empire in the 19th century, represents a period of comprehensive transformation in administrative, fiscal and social fields. This study focuses on observing the administrative structure in Ankara, Bursa/Hüdâvendigâr and Kütahya sancaks which had important identities in Ottoman Anatolia as well as examining the social and economic life in these sancaks in this period. The main source of the study is the ayniyat registers, in which the records of the letters sent by the Sadaret to various provinces and offices are kept. These registers, which contain a lot of information on various issues such as administrative, fiscal and military, are located in the group of the Prime Ministry Ottoman Archive, the Bâb-ı Âli Documents Room. In this study, the Tanzimat era is divided into three periods as 1839-1845, 1850-1855, and 1860-1864. During these periods, various documents sent to Ankara, Bursa/Hüdâvendigâr and Kütahya sancaks were examined by scanning the ayniyat registers, kept under the titles of Anadolu Adi and Meclis-i Vâlâ. It has been determined that there were problems in tax collection, rural indebtedness and public security in the mentioned sancaks. In addition, it has been detected that there has been change in the administrative chiefs of the sancaks, which were examined in paralel with the changes in civil order through out the process.