Modelling of absorption cooling systems in telecomunication base station

Macro base stations consume the most electrical energy for cooling communication devices among the types of telecommunications base stations. In this study, in order to perform the cooling process in macro base stations in a more economical and environmentally friendly way, the solar sourced single-stage continuous absorption cooling system is modeled with the Matlab program. In the model created, the hourly heat energy produced by the solar collector and the heat energy transferred to the boiler vary hourly and use an auxiliary energy source when necessary. On the model, the hourly data obtained from the General Directorate of Meteorology for the provinces of Ankara in the 3rd degree-day region, Istanbul in the 2nd degree-day region, İzmir Adana provinces in the 1st degree day region but with different latitudes in the TS 825 Standard of Thermal Insulation Rules in Buildings. By using the data (outside air temperature and wind speed) and the solar radiation model, the annual electrical energy requirement of the cooling system was calculated. An artificial neural network model was created for the heat gain of the telecommunication base station cabinet, and the R2 value of the created model was calculated as 0.9999. Annual electrical energy requirement of the cooling system was found to be 18212 kWh for Ankara, 18476 kWh for Istanbul, 17564 kWh for Izmir and 17345 kWh for Adana. Free cooling system has been added to the model to reduce energy consumption, and in the new model, the annual electrical energy requirement had been calculated as 2109 kWh/year with a decrease of 88% for the province of Ankara, 2794 kWh with a decrease of 85% for the province of Istanbul, 2494 kWh with a decrease of 85% for the province of İzmir, and 2325 kWh with a decrease of 85% for the province of Adana compared to the first model. Finally, in order to determine the applicability of the cooling system, the total cost of the system and the total cost of the mechanical vapor compression cooling system with COPsm=4 was compared using a fixed inflation rate of 15% per year. It was observed that the total cost of the two systems was equal between 6.5 years on average. In addition, due to the decrease in the consumed electrical energy, an average of 1505kg equivalent CO2 gas emission to the environment will be reduced.