The effect of psychosocial adjustment and illness perception on treatment compliance in individuals with Type 2 diabetes

The research was conducted descriptively with 150 participants were followed up with diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes mellitus at Ankara Training and Research Hospital Endocrinology Polyclinic between 16 October 2023 and 05 April 2024, to determine the effect of psychosocial adjustment and illness perception on treatment compliance in individuals with Type 2 DM. Data were collected with Introductory Information Form, Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale- Self Report (PAIS-SR), Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ), and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Treatment Patient Compliance Scale. In the analysis of data, descriptive statistics and Mann Whitney U test were used to compare two independent groups; Kruskal Wallis test was used to compare three or more groups. The mean score of the participants on the PAIS-SR was determined 73.51 ± 9.18 and they had poor psychosocial adjustment. The participants' perception of illness was determined negative. Mean score of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Treatment Patient Compliance Scale was 66.17 ± 6.97 and treatment compliance was determined as moderate. A negative relationship found between the scores of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Treatment Patient Compliance Scale and Timeline (Acute/Chronic), Timeline (Cyclic), Personal Control and Treatment Control subscales of the IPQ, and a positive relationship was found between Results subscale. The Personal Control subscale of IPQ and HbA1c level were determined positively related. A positive correlation found between scores of the PAIS-SR and the Consequences subscale of IPQ, and a negative correlation between Treatment Control, Identity, Timeline (Cyclic) subscales. According to the results, to determine the factors affecting psychosocial adjustment of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus and organize training programs to strengthen treatment compliance by positively affecting their illness perception is recommended.