The effects of fish oil (omega-3) on fasting blood sugar, blood pressure, serum lipid profile, insulin level, insulin resistance and sensitiveness in type 2 diabetes mellitus

The study was conducted on 34 women ( %52.03) and 31 men ( %47.7) total 64 type II, aged 34-76 years diabetic individuals in order to evaluate anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, fasting blood tests (total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL and HDL cholesterol, plasma glucose, insulin) insülin resistance and sensitiveness, energy taking and nutritional habits of supplement cod liver oil consumption. Individuals who joined in the study consumed after meals 1 g and total 3 supplement including fish oil each day of 2 months. Knowledges which were obtained on study were evaluated on 3 stages ( early study, end of 4. week and 8. week). Individual knowledges, knowledges about nutritional habits, anthropometric measurements (body weight, lenght, waist hip circumferences), individual nutrition consumption for a day, energy, amount of micro and macro nutrition taking of individuals were considered on each stages of the study. Blood specimens for assignment of fasting blood sugar, insulin and blood lipid levels were collected on each stage of the study. Using SPSS 13.0, repeated measurement analysis of variance and t-test were used for assesment of NUTRITIONIST III and quantitative data at nutrition consumption analysis. Level of significance was received as ?0.05 and these results were obtained:There was no positive correlation between fish oil supplement and anthropometric measurements of individuals and body mass index ( p?0.05). In addition, with cod liver oil consumption, a decreasing on systolic blood pressure was observed in male (p?0.05) and there was no changing on systolic and diastolic blood pressure in female (p?0.05). There is also no positive correlation between fasting blood sugar, insulin level, insulin resistance and insulin sensitiveness (p?0.05). Consantrating on blood lipids, at the end of fish oil consumption on female and male, total cholesterol, trigliceride, LDL- cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol and cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol levels significantly decreased (p?0.05). However, there was no significant changing on amount of HDL-cholesterol (p?0.05). According to individual energy and nutrition consumption which were taken by remind method at 3 stage of the study, differences between male and female?s daily energy and nutrition consumption were not significant (p?0.05). However, it was established that female and male individuals consumed protein, carbohydrate, A, E, C, B1, B2, Niacin, B6 and B12 vitamins, iron, phosphor, potassium and cupper more than DRI recommends, but D and E vitamins, folate, pantotenik acid, manganese, zinc, iodine, molybdenum, selenium and biotin less than DRI recommends.Key Words: Fish Oil, fasting blood sugar, insulin sensitiveness and resistance, lipid profile, anthropometric measurements, nutritional status