Investigation of some agricultural traits by li̇ne × tester analysis in triticale genotypes

The crosses by line x tester 7 line and 4 tester triticale (7 x 4) were made in 2016-2017 growing season in Bursa in order to determine suitable parents, which may use to obtain new triticale cultivars with better yield and quality characteristics, their combination abilities and heritability parameters. The 28 F1 hybrids and 11 parents were grown in a randomized complete block experimental design with 3 replications in 2017-2018 growing season at Agricultural Application and Research Center of Bursa Uludag University Faculty of Agriculture. Spike lenght, plant height, number of spikelet per spike, number of grain per spike, grain weight per spike, thousand kernel weight, protein contents, were measured in all parents and their hybrid progenies. General and spesific combining ability, heterosis and heterobeltiosis, broad and narrow sense heritability of parent and crosses were calculated by using the line x tester method. Combining abilities of the parents gave different values for all characteristics studied. Considering the General Combination Abilities, (11 × 14 – 3) line 1, (3 × 2 – 1) line 2, (1 × 3 – 2) line 3, Presto and Nörtingen varieties are considered to evaluate as parents in breeding programs. When combined evaluation with special combination capabilities and heterosis-heterobeltiosis values, 4 × Eronga-83, 6 × Nörtingen, 7 × Eronga-83, 7 × Presto, 1 × Eronga-83, 1 × Presto, 5 × Eronga-83, 3 × Presto, 7 × Karma 2000 cross combinations, which have the highest performance in terms of yield and yield components, were found to be promising. For all the features examined GKY/ ÖKY ratios were less than 1 and the ( D/ A)0.5 values were found to be greater than 1.0. These findings indicate that non-additive gene effects are the subject and there is superior dominance in inheritance of investigated characters for the genetic material used in experiment.