Employment barriers and solutions for immigrants graduating from non-formal education institutions in Turkey

Migration has been a phenomenon inherent to human existence since time immemorial. When examining the concept of migration, one encounters multifaceted, intricate, and dynamic elements of both internal and external origins. These factors are intrinsically linked to the causes, patterns, and consequences of migration. In the contemporary world, migration persists as an enduring phenomenon driven by these multifarious reasons. Turkey, owing to its geopolitical position and historical-cultural heritage, occupies a pivotal position at the crossroads of migration routes. Consequently, Turkey experiences both transit and permanent migration flows. These migratory movements exert substantial impacts on both immigrant and host communities within the country. Within the scope of this study, interviews were conducted with 20 participants at the analytical level. The findings from these interviews have been incorporated into the research outcomes. Through these analyses, insights into the general structure of migration patterns have been obtained. Each wave of migration directed toward Turkey has been examined within the analytical framework, thereby expanding the spectrum of perspectives. This approach reveals the evolutionary stages of migration and their consequent outcomes. Keywords: Development, Migration, Immigrant, Employment, Non-formal Education