Determination of polymorphism in genes associated with resistance to mastitis, tuberculosis and foot-and-mouth diseases in some cattle breeds reared in Turkey

Mastitis, foot-and-mouth disease and tuberculosis are diseases commonly encountered in cattle breeding that lead to gross economic losses. In this study, the genotypic structure of the four cattle breeds raised in Turkey were analyzed on the basis of CD14, MBL, ITGB6, SLC11A1 and TLR2 genes which were previously reported to have been related with resistance to mastitis, foot-and-mouth disease and tuberculosis. In this regard, the study was aimed at 1-) investigating some polymorphisms on the CD14, MBL, ITGB6, SLC11A1 and TLR2 genes in Holstein (SA) cattle breed and the domestic cattle breeds in Turkey, namely Turkish Grey Steppe (TGS), Anatolian Black (AB) and East Anatolian Red (EAR); 2-) identifying the genotypes, if any, related with resistance to mastitis, foot-and-mouth and tuberculosis diseases in the cattle breeds of SA, TGS, AB, and EAR and discussing the possibilities to use these genes in the MAS studies; 3-) identifying the phylogenetic relation based on the loci related with resistance to diseases and determining whether these loci are suitable for phylogenetic analyses. In the study, the polymorphisms on CD14 and MBL1 (Exon 2; 2534 G>A and 2651 G>A), SLC11A1 (5411G>A and 7400G>A) and TLR2 genes were identified by PCR-RFLP, the polymorphisms on ITGB6 receptor (5'UTR region 29 G>A; 2145 T>C) gene by ARMS-PCR and the variation in the repetitive region of the SLC11A1 gene by microsatellite marker method. The results of the study indicate that in the cattle breeds of SA, AB, TGS, EAR produced in Turkey, the CD14, MBL1 (exon 2; 2534 G>A and 2651 G>A) genes may be used for the MAS studies for mastitis, ITGB6 receptor gene (5'UTR region, 29G>A) for foot-and-mouth disease, SLC11A1 (5411 G>A) and TLR2 genes for tuberculosis. On the other hand, it was concluded that the microsatellite locus on ITGB6 receptor (2145T>C) gene, SLC11A1 (7400G>A) gene and SLC11A gene are not suitable for the MAS work related to the said cattle breeds. Also the breeds were grouped according to their genetic origins in the phylogenetic tree that was drawn on the basis of the loci analysed in the study and it has been seen that these loci may be used for breed separation.