Performance analysis for industrial production using dataenvelopment analysis and Malmquist index methods

A multidimensional productivity analysis was conducted using the production data of a large-scale cement factory operating in Turkey between 2018 and 2022. The study evaluated not only technical efficiency levels but also environmental impacts, structural similarities, and the potential contributions of policy scenarios in a comprehensive manner. In the analysis process, the Slacks-Based Measure (SBM) model was preferred as it provides more detailed measurement capabilities compared to classical Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approaches. This model revealed improvement potential by separately addressing input excesses and output shortfalls. The change in productivity over time was assessed using the Malmquist Total Factor Productivity Index, and the statistical reliability of the results was tested through the Bootstrap method. The research process was further enhanced with Principal Component Analysis (PCA), clustering, and policy scenarios to construct a more in-depth analytical framework. The findings provide a scientific foundation for strategic policy development in the cement sector and offer a unique model contribution to the literature for measuring sustainable production performance.