Social and economical situation of Ankara's borough Ayaş in the middle of 19th century

The study is prepared for examining Ayaş?s one of the district ofAnkara, economic and social situation in the first half of 19th century.The basic source of our thesis is the Income Book that present inOtoman archive of Prime Ministry. The book which is date H.1256 /M.1840consist of homechiefs?that had lived in Ayaş, names, nicknames, jobs, annualrofits, the taxes given per one year by them, their lands, properties, their littlecattles and big cattles.According to the income book, in district centre there are 8neighbourhoods, 1 farm bound to district, 45 villages and 21 neighbourhoodsbelong to these villages, thus, there are 75 living grounds in Ayaş and thosehave 3366 house in.Agriculture is very important for Ayaş. i.e, it forms the main economyof the region. Planted and sewn farm lands that are registered in the bookhave 108.114.000 m2 largeness. These lands?total cost 3. 527.454 piastres.Among the agricultural lands arable fields come first with 89.939.000 m2largeness. Total cost of the arable fields is 1.527.772 piastres. Vineyardscome second among the agriculture lands with 8.591.000 m2 largeness and709.317 piasres cost. Cheltiks come third with 4.737.000 m2 largeness and814.957 piastres cost.Cattle breeding is the second source of livelihood for people of Ayaşand cost of those are 923.257 piastres. Angora goat that is peculiar toAnkara, has great importance for little cattle breeding. There are 22.884angora goat which is the raw material of a very valuable wool named`camlet?in Ayaş. the cost of angora goats is 537.723 piastres. There are10.002 big cattle with a cost of 853.125 piastres. There are 4.101 burdencattles wiyh a total cost of 791.758 piastres. There are 3183 beehives inAyaş with a cost of 47.791 piastres. There are 64.003 cattle in Ayaş with atotal cost of 2.615.931 piastres.Ayaş isn?t wealthy for the residence. The total residence cost is368.741 piastres.Total cost of property of people 6.511.856 and their total income is2.697.824 piastres. Propert-income ratio is % 40,9. 769.657 piastres arethe tax of these incomes. ncome-tax ratio is %28,5. property-tax ratio is%11,7. the property per house is 1.960 piastre, the income per house 801piastre and the tax per house is 229 piasres.Ayaş is one of developed district of Ankara. As it is on the trade roadwhich connects stanbul to Ankara and than extends to middle east.Big amount of peolehave lands taht there are a few people who aredeprive of land and income. Unemployment ratio is %3,9. Ayaş is a typicalOttoman agriculturalliving ground.