Industry and "Zeyti̇nburnu Demi̇r Fabri̇kası" in the Ottoman Empire during the nineteenth century

The main theme of this study constitutes the industry in the Ottoman Empire during the nineteenth century. "Zeytinburnu Demir Fabrika-i Humayunu" is taken as example in this theme. The economical and diplomatical issues and the reforms which were effected by each other are also stated in this study. It is explained that the profits of the industrial revolution, the innovations formed in the Ottaman Empire and the moves that were made to develop the industry. With the profits of the industrial revolution, the existent economical relations were changed. Because of the commercial agreements made additionaly, international trade went through the changes. To develop the industry, the State not only encouraged the private capital but also they became industrial. The trade guild was transformed. Companies were established and they organized fairs to make contribution to product. The factories which are the themes of our thesis were the first ones in their era. It was fundamental that carpet, cloth and glass factory produce the goods that were common at that times. Gashouses were important developments for municipal works because they started street lighting which was a new prosecution. Once again gashouses, telegram factories, mill, stream and tram factories were very important innovations of the Zeytinburnu Iron Factory Era. It took part in the war industry. The productions of candle, coffee, suma, furniture and boza were socially innovative. As a big industrial complex, Zeytinburnu Demir Fabrika-i Humayunu took on a task to arms production and maintenance. Also there were slighlty iron joinery. In the course of time, additional buldings were built. Over the years, it was the very first factory to produce the quick fire artillery in the world which was so important in the war industry. In the nineteenth century, The Ottoman Empire made a breakthrough to become industrialized. Due to the influence of political events, the economy and the production were affected. In spite of the difficult conditions, the state paid special attention to industrial moves. Key words: Ottoman Industry, Industrial Revolution, Zeytinburnu Demir Fabrika-i Hûmayunu