Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (INSAR) technique and applications on deformations

Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (InSAR) is a geodetic radar technology used in remote sensing that does not need terrestrial measurements. This geodetic approach generates maps of surface deformation utilizing changes in phase of waves returning to the satellite from two or more synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. In comparison to other measuring methods, it can give measurement possibilities in a certain time frame, in all-weather situations, covering large regions (100 km), and with precision of cm (±2cm). At the same time, although the InSAR method only detects the changes in the satellite's direction of view, it has been determined that it provides medium resolution data about the entire monitored region. According to studies, it has been determined that InSAR is a technique that can be used in many different areas, especially deformations in the earth's crust, due to its wide application areas. InSAR is primarily used in earth sciences to assess collapse and landslide deformations, as well as deformations in the earth's crust that occur earthquakes. By merging various research done in previous years, it is believed that the work done as part of the Master's Degree will play a significant role in remapping deformation locations utilizing the SAR Interferometry technology and monitoring deformations that may occur in the future. In this context, several research on the issue are explored, as well as what InSAR is, its methodology, operating principle, and data processing procedures. Keywords: InSAR, Interferogram, Interferometry, Radar Images, Surface Deformation