Investigation of cytotoxic/apoptotic and antimicrobial activities of newly synthesiled benzimidazole derivatives on lunc cancer cell line

With the increasing number of patients all over the world, cancer has taken first place as an important public health problem. Among all types of cancer, lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer in men and breast cancer in women. To combat cancer which is becoming more common with each passing day, the composition and the discovery of new chemical agents that have chosen cancer cells have gained importance. In this study, the cytotoxic activities of the ten novel benzimidazole derivative compounds on lung cancer cells (A549) and healthy lung epithelial cells (BEAS2B) were examined by MTT analysis method and caspase 3 activity. It was compared with cisplatin used as a cancer drug for control. Besides, antimicrobial activities on gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria and antifungal activities on some yeast species were examined by the microdilution method. Four of the compounds examined (2c, 3a, 3b and 5) showed higher cytotoxic activity against A549 cells. The IC50 value of cisplatin was 6.75 µg/mL for A549 cells in 72 hours, while IC50 values of compounds 2c, 3a, 3b and 5 were calculated as 24.35, 28.49, 38.51 and 60.70 µg/mL, respectively. For BEAS2B cells, the IC50 values of these compounds are higher than the IC50 values for A549. IC50 values for BEAS2B cells were 87.63, 49.32, 57.89 and 68.53 µg/mL, respectively, whereas the IC50 of cisplatin in the present study was calculated as 2.75 µg/mL. Besides, these four novel compounds have high antimicrobial activity against all examined microorganisms. Four compounds in the study showed that Caspase 3 activity was increased according to the results of the analysis. It has been determined that these four new compounds show cytotoxic activity and will serve as an example for the study of new benzimidazole derivative compounds with chemotherapeutic potential in the future.