In vitro cytogenetic analysis of two newly synthesized benzoic acid derivatives (4-(3-acetyl-2-methyl-4-phenyl-1H-pyrrol-1-yl) benzoic acid and 4-(3-cinnamoyl-2-methyl-4-phenyl-1H-pyrrol-1-yl) benzoic acid) molecules in human peripheral lymphocytes

Cytotoxic and genotoxic studies have been carried out by using two newly synthesized molecular analogs of benzoic acid commonly helpful in many industrial fields for various purposes, the pyrrole derivative 4-(3-asetil-2-metil-4-fenil-1H-pirol-1-il) Benzoic Acid (D085) and the pyrrole-chalcone hybrid derivative 4-(3-cinamoyl-2-methyl-4-phenyl-1H-pyrrol-1-yl) Benzoic Acid (D085-K) molecules. In vitro chromosomal aberration (CA) and micronucleus (MN) tests of human peripheral lymphocytes were performed. In addition, the mutant strains TA98 and TA100 of Salmonella typhimurium were used for the Ames test. In CA and MN tests, human peripheral lymphocytes were treated with D085 concentrations of 7.81, 15.62, 31.25 μg/mL and D085-K concentrations of 7.5, 15, 30 μg/mL for 24 and 48 hours. In the Ames test, D085 doses of 3.9, 7.81, 15.62, 31.25, 62.5 µg/petri and D085-K doses of 3.25, 7.5, 15, 30, 60 µg/petri were used. In this study, D085 stimulates genotoxicity more than D085-K. It was found that the 24-hour treatment with both compounds was more effective in terms of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity than the 48-hour treatment. The fact that the MN number is consistent with the CA finding gives an idea about the clastogenic potential of the test substances. In some cases, D085 induced base substitution mutation and D085-K induced frame shift mutation. According to MI and NDI data, generally high concentrations were found to be cytotoxic.