Green roof applications in green building systems and it's effect on structural behavior

In this thesis, the standards of green building rating systems are examined and what these standards are. It has been stated that the green building certificates in the world are regulations that meet the needs of the country in which they were created. In these systems, ecology, resources and energy are protected by the created control mechanism. How the buildings included in the system are designed, the construction phase and the use of the building are controlled by these certificate applications. It is of great importance that these regulations be understood and applied easily, and that the environment and resources are protected by professional groups such as engineers, architects and contractors, which form the basis of the construction industry. It is seen that worldwide studies have been initiated and progress has been made in order to eliminate the negative effects of traditional building construction on the environment. Exposure of the ecosystem to negative effects by the construction sector and the danger of rapid depletion of energy resources and raw materials cause serious problems for our world. It is known that green building systems have an important place in the protection of the world. The increase in innovative and environmentalist practices has accelerated the trend towards green building certification and has made it acceptable to the world states. The contents and working principles of applications that have proven their validity at national level such as Breeam, LEED, Greenstar, CASBEE, SBTool and DGNB are explained. What criteria these certificates contain, which topics they focus on, are compared with the advantages and disadvantages for our country. International green building rating systems have not been able to respond to the geographical characteristics of our country and the problems of meeting local needs for the most part. In order to eliminate these deficiencies, some local institutions and organizations and non-governmental organizations have worked on green building rating systems and created sustainable building evaluation criteria. The contents of these studies; It is important that it responds to regional needs, that it can be developed and changed, and that it contains a local evaluation specific to our country. It has been explained what the systems being developed in our country are and which institution and organization created them. The steps taken by private sector representatives and ministries are of great importance in the development of a national system. The laws and regulations implemented by the Ministry of Environment and Urbanization, the Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources, the sanctions and practices on how sustainable buildings should be were examined. The Ministry aimed to protect the environment, water, resources and energy, and took protective measures for these topics with laws and regulations. What the green building criteria are and which environmental practices reduce the energy and water consumption of the building are explained in detail in the thesis. It has been determined that some materials have been developed for energy conservation, renewable energy such as solar and wind are used in these materials, and great gains are obtained in energy saving. It has been shown that the importance of water saving and the use of rain harvesting systems and mechanisms used in the building to achieve this saving. Studies show that up to 80% water savings are achieved in these systems. With effective inventions and differences that do not increase the cost of construction, great savings are achieved in water and electricity. In addition to examining green buildings and traditional roof types, pricing studies of these applications were made. How much does a green roof cost? Cost analysis in tabular form is presented in the thesis. The labor, material and total costs of tile, tile, extensive and intensive roof types were compared by creating a table. The lowest and highest roof type was determined and the reasons for this height were stated. In the thesis, different green roof applications in sustainable buildings are modeled in computer environment. For these models, dead and live loads were determined according to the roof types, and the structure was analyzed in different combinations. The static effects of tile and tile laying applications in buildings built with traditional methods and green roofs were compared. Combinations of roof types under 4 different loadings are provided. These combinations consist of combined and single applications of dead load, ice load, frost load and snow load. In the analysis, the loads on the roof and the reinforced concrete changes were examined. The moment graphs of these calculations are shown and the forces acting on the critical elements are indicated. The elements under critical loading were determined among the slab, beam and column carriers in the system. The moment, force and reinforcement conditions of the element under the highest load and the element under the least load were compared. Keywords: Green Building Certification Systems, Green Roof Applications, Extensive Roof, Intensive Roof