The effect of nano-silicon on phosphorus efficiency of maize plant grown in exhousted and non-exhousted soil

This study investigated the effect of nano silicon (Nano-Si) derived from rice husk on the phosphorus use efficiency (PKE) of maize (Zea Mays L. Cv. pioneer) plants. Two types of soil were used in the experiment: non-cultivated soil from an area where farming has not been practiced for many years (non-exhausted soil), and soil previously used for alfalfa cultivation in the last two growing seasons (exhausted soil). Phosphorus applications were made at rates of 0, 20, and 80 mg P kg-1 using TSP fertilizer (%44 P2O5), while silicon (Si) applications were made at rates of 0 and 250 mg Si kg-1 using Nano-Si and sodium silicate sources. The results showed that Nano-Si enhanced phosphorus use efficiency in maize plants. Silicon applications were found to positively influence plant growth and mineral element contents. Furthermore, the interaction between P and Si applications had a more pronounced positive effect on plant yield parameters. These findings suggest that nano silicon can enhance phosphorus use efficiency in maize cultivation and improve plant growth performance with appropriate nutrient management strategies.