Generation Z's perception of music education: Music curricula and changing learning necessities

This study was conducted with the premise that existing music curricula and traditional teaching methods within the formal education system fall short of meeting the learning needs of Generation Z. Alongside music curricula and methods, the study also examines the influence of socioeconomic factors such as income level, parental education, equality of opportunity, access to technology, and extracurricular educational resources. Conducted with high school students in Van, the research employed a descriptive correlational survey model, collecting and analyzing data using quantitative methods. Sociodemographic variables affecting students' musical achievements and the effectiveness of the music curricula were comprehensively examined. A music lesson competency scale developed for the study underwent validity and reliability testing, and the data collected were analyzed statistically. Findings indicate that students' musical achievements were positively influenced by participation in extracurricular music courses, access to musical instruments, and the effectiveness of school music lessons. However, factors such as place of residence and family economic status showed no significant impact on musical achievement. While school music lessons were moderately effective in enhancing students' musical abilities and fostering an interest in music, the mother's education level was found to influence students' success in music lessons, whereas the father's education level was not. In conclusion, the study reveals that in addition to school music lessons, extracurricular music courses significantly contribute to Generation Z students' musical achievements. Traditional factors like socioeconomic status have a diminished influence on this generation. These findings underscore the importance of enhancing the effectiveness of music curricula, ensuring equality of opportunity in education, and incorporating digital tools and supportive programs to make music education more inclusive.