İstanbul, dans les oeuvres narratives en Français en Turc du 19. siècle

The work with the title ?19th Century French and Turkish Fictional Works and İstanbul in Literary Memoirs? mainly consists of three parts: İstanbul as setting, human descriptions from İstanbul, and social life in İstanbul.In introduction, the works on İstanbul by traveller French men of letters who came to İstanbul in the 19th century and Turkish works dealing with İstanbul in the same century are represented. In the works it is seen that the French culture increasingly became popular in İstanbul in that period and as a result, French and European style incresed their effects.In the first chapter of the dissertation, İstanbul is handled as the setting. Also in this section, some writings by various globe-trotting French men of letters and some Turkish writers on the landmarks like the Bosphorus, mosques, palaces, cafés and cemeteries which distinguish İstanbul from other European cities and also which make it seem like an oriental city, are stated. These writers depict Beyoğlu and Eyüp as two opposite districts, in their writings. Beyoğlu and its surroundings represent the modern and cosmopolitan lifestyle which has unconditionally assumed the western culture, whereas Eyüp, with its traditional clothing, wooden houses, and silent narrow streets, represents the Orient, Asia, and its tradition.In the second chapter, human descriptions from İstanbul given by French and Turkish writers in their works are represented and their views on non-muslims in the city, sultans, women, governesses of children and concubines are expressed. In the same works, sexual features of the Greek women are put forward and it is told that jews of İstanbul worked in banking and commission professions that were not tiring at all. In this chapter, finally negative characteristics like brutality, stinginess, and fatalism, and some positive characteristics like tolerance, hospitality, and charity of people of İstanbul are dealt with.In the third chapter, social life in İstanbul in French and Turkish literary works is dealt with. In these works, the entertainment in popular excursion spots, the activities in fasting month, Ramadan, the relationship between men and women of people of İstanbul are mentioned. Moreover, descriptions about the means of transportation in the city, boats in the Bosphorus, and horse cart wagons that provide the land transportation are given.