Public buildings in 19th century Adana province

The Westernization of the Ottoman Empire which had started showing its effects at the beginning of the 18th century, reached a peak at the dawn of the 19th century. In the 19th century, the modification and transformation process of the Empire was accelerated. After the Tanzimat reforms of 1839, the Ottoman imperial establishments went through radical changes, and new types of structures facilitating harmonization with the Western world, emerged as a result of this. These types of structure introduced their presence all over the Ottoman lands. In this research, the determination of new structure types for administration, education, transportation, military and medical purposes in the Adana Province established as administration units in 1869, their distribution around the province, their conditions and the problems in their reservations have been aimed to be revealed. In the first part of the dissertation, the litterateur briefly, aim of the study, original contributions, the scope and the methods are explained. In the second part, the situation which the Adana Province was in, in the 19th century has been discussed taking into account the administrative, financial, social and architectural infrastructure in all its counties and districts. For the administrative structure; Adana's transformation into a provincial management unit, the establishment of the municipality, the mayors who had been in effect in the construction of the city and their activities have been told of. For the financial structure; the basis the Adana Province relied on financially, the sources of income, the types of production structures and their quantities have been pointed out. For the social structure; the ethnical diversity and life-styles among the province in general, the proportions of Muslim and non-Muslim populations and their distributions among regions have been mentioned. And as for the architectural grounds, the province center's and noticable counties' architectural constructions in civic dimensions have been aimed to be explained. In the third part; the structures remained in the boundries of Adana Province between 1869 and 1930 have been addressed with their architectural characteristics under the subcategories of administration, education, transportation, military, and health. Among each subcategory, structures have been split into two, as prevailing and non-prevailing structures. Within parts depicting the prevailing structures, structures which have been spotted on-site have been given place. And, within parts telling about the non-prevailing structures, the structures built during the mentioned period but which have not endured until this day, or structures which were designed but have not been constructed, have been described with the use of old photographs or their original drawings which were obtained from the Ottoman archives. In the fourth part, the structures of endurance until today have been classified like a catalogue and have been covered in terms of preservation problems. The first part of the catalogue vouchers consist of the descriptions, locations and the architectural characteristics of the structures; whereas the second part includes determinations of the reasons of spoilage, the interventions they have been subject to, their bearing structures and their conditions of preservation. In this part, approach principles for the preservation of the structures have been presented in the light of the catalogue vouchers and the depictions made.