The historical process of the preparation of the 1961 Constitution

The constitution of a state legislative, executive and judicial organs of the formation, responsibilities, relations with other government bodies, citizens have basic rights and freedoms, rights and obligations of the citizen against citizen in the state and the state law governing home rule.Tanzimat in the Ottoman Empire with the law itself is the first time the rights of a sovereign limited by own. This was an important step towards constitutional and democracy. Reforms completed Fermanı "Edict of Reform" was proclamation on February 23, 1856. Reforms, the provisions of the Tanzimat Fermanı confirmed and clarified the rights granted to non-Muslims. Reform Edict of equality between the Muslim-led non-Muslim subjects.Sultan Abdul Aziz in the Young Ottomans in Europe, educated in Europe, they see the influence of the Ottoman Empire in the constitutional regime "Constitutional" government began to advocate the establishment. Young Ottomans, to be able to proclamation of the Constitution lowered before the throne of Sultan Abdülaziz. Then they agreed to the proclamation of the Constitution Abdülhamit II 'I spent the throne. First Constitution during his reign in 1876 I agreed to declare the Abdülhamit II, later founded the management of tyranny. Again in 1908, was forced to agree to constitutional monarchy.Grand National Assembly of Turkey on 23 April 1920 with the opening of the new Turkish State "was established. Grand National Assembly on January 20, 1921 after a three-month-long interviews were accepted and 85 of the Law of Fundamental Organization-was considered. -Dated January 20, 1921 Fundamental Law on Organization was held on October 29, 1923 the first direct change. After ratification of the Treaty of Lausanne and the proclamation of the Republic put forward the necessity of a contemporary enactment of the Constitution. Within this framework, a new constitution was adopted on April 20, 1924. Republican Constitution of 1924, 36 remained in force until 1960, some changes in 1924. May 27, 1960 after the Revolution created a new constitution and a referendum on the Constitution was adopted July 9, 1961. However, only 19 years are frequent in the 1961 Constitution. September 12, 1980 Revolution, the Constitution has been suspended with the left and replaced the 1982 Constitution. In this study, the historical process of the preparation of the 1961 Constitution were discussed.