Transition process of urban resort areas in Istanbul before 1980

In view The city of Istanbul, which is located in a special position uniting two continents, is a very important place in the world with its cultural heritage dating back thousands of years. For centuries, the city has been hosting very different life habits and cultures, and the structures left to the city by such cultures and customs have been included in the World Heritage List. "Sayfiye" which means a summer house or recreational countryside close to a city is a life tradition that emerged in Istanbul in the Byzantine Era for the first time and continued until 1980s. Although this tradition was not special to Istanbul, the position of the city and the cultural characteristics of its community influenced the tradition and the concept of "sayfiye" was interpreted differently by each culture, and some differences emerged between cities despite similarities regarding the social practices of this tradition and its reflections in the physical space. This thesis study consists of five parts: In the introduction part, the purpose and basis of the thesis are explained, its scope is defined, and the research and analysis methods used in the course of the thesis are discussed. The contribution that the thesis will make to the scientific literature is also explained in this part. In the second part of the thesis, the research process of the thesis is discussed, and the documents accessed in this process are grouped. The documents obtained as a result of this research are addressed under the heading of written and visual documents and, under the heading of visual documents, maps showing the historical recreational areas of Istanbul are classified, information is provided on the characteristics of these maps, and on map reading methods. In the third part, the concept of sayfiye and recreational life are discussed. In this part, the concept is defined and a reference is made to the relationship between tourism and recreational areas in this context. After the discussion of the terminology relating to the concept of tourism and to the concept of sayfiye in Istanbul, light is shed on the historical developmental process of this concept in the world and in Istanbul. Lastly, in this part, characteristics of the recreational life in Istanbul between the years of 395-1850, 1851-1914 and 1914-1980 are described. The fourth part is about the development and change process of the recreational areas in Istanbul. Firstly, an overview of the developmental processes of the recreational areas in Istanbul between 395-1851 is given, and the developmental processes of the Golden Horn and Bosporus, which were the developing recreational areas especially in the Ottoman Empire, are detailed. Secondly, the developmental processes of recreational areas between 1851 and 1914, which was the most important period regarding the development of recreational areas in Istanbul, and the factors influencing this process are explained, and the Golden Horn, Kağıthane, Bosporus, Üsküdar-Çamlıca, Kadıköy-Bostancı and the Princes' Islands, which were used as recreational areas in that period, are depicted in detail. Recreational areas and their transformation between the years of 1914 and 1980, which was the final period during which recreational areas Istanbul completed their development, and the recreational areas of this period including Bosporus, Kadıköy-Tuzla, Bakırköy-Florya and the Princes' Islands are described. Lastly, those among the functions of the historical recreational areas of Istanbul which are considered to be important in terms of the concept of sayfiye are addressed. In conclusion part of the thesis, a general evaluation is made regarding the information provided in the previous four parts, the conclusions reached are explained. Keywords: İstanbul, the concept of "sayfiye", resort area, 19th century, 20th century, the historical maps of İstanbul, suburbanization.